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Category 'Transmission and Distribution' - Technical Articles

The “Transmission and Distribution” category contains technical articles dedicated to electricity transmission and distribution in high—and medium-voltage fields. This includes T&D equipment such as transmission and distribution lines, power transformers, capacitor banks, etc. Special attention is paid to installing, testing, and commissioning MV and HV equipment and troubleshooting various problems that may arise in power grids.

Energy and Power

P28 Study in Modern Power Systems: What Is It and Why It Matters So Much Nowadays

The reliable operation of modern power systems depends not only on the robustness of infrastructure but also on the technical standards that govern their design, operation, and connection requirements. In the United Kingdom, these standards are developed and maintained by…...

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Sep 08, 2025 | By

P28 Study in Modern Power Systems: What Is It and Why It Matters Nowadays
Premium Content

Islanding in DER-Integrated Distribution Systems: Planning, Control, and Anti-Islanding Protection

The global energy landscape is undergoing a transformative shift, with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) such as solar photovoltaics, wind turbines, battery energy storage systems, and controllable loads becoming increasingly prevalent in modern distribution networks. This article explores the planning, control,…...

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Jul 14, 2025 | By

Islanding in DER-Integrated Distribution Systems: Planning, Control, and Anti-Islanding Protection
Premium Content

The Problems of Modern Distribution Systems in the Age of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs)

The evolution of power distribution networks is being shaped by unprecedented growth in distributed energy resources (DERs), particularly rooftop solar and other inverter-based technologies. Traditionally designed for one-way power flow from substations to end-users, distribution systems are now experiencing reverse…...

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Jun 02, 2025 | By

The Problems of Modern Distribution Systems in the Age of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs)
Energy and Power

What is a Load Flow Study in Power Engineering

Load flow, sometimes known as power flow, are phrases that may be used interchangeably in power engineering. This term refers to a network solution that forecasts steady-state currents, voltages, and both real and reactive power flows across each branch and… Read more

May 26, 2025 | By

What is a Load Flow Study in Power Engineering
Power Substation

Behind upgrading the 50+ years old 132/11 kV substation

Let’s look at the 50+ years old 132/11 kV substation that needs refurbishing and uprating as an illustration of the complicated mix of concerns that need to be considered. It shows that there are more than just financial factors to…...

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May 19, 2025 | By

Behind upgrading the 50+ years old 132/11 kV substation
Power Substation

Why do power grid crashes and total blackouts happen?

Minimizing the likelihood of blackouts is of the highest importance due to the significant effects that would result from partial or total blackouts in highly industrialized nations. Additional difficulties have been and will be posed by the growing use of…...

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May 12, 2025 | By

Why do power grid crashes and total blackouts happen?
Power Substation

Design of Auto/Manual Changeover Logic Between Two Busbars Within a Substation

In any industry/plant, the operations rely heavily on interruption free supply of power to meet the targets of production. As a result, we see emergency generators, UPSs or renewable energy sources to save us from complete shutdown. This back-up or…...

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Mar 10, 2025 | By

Design of Auto/Manual Changeover Logic Between Two Busbars Within a Substation
Energy and Power

What is Time Grading in Relay Protection

What are time grading and relay coordination in protection philosophy? Let’s try to figure out how to grade (or rank) the relays’ operation times so that the one nearest the problem operates first. In Radial Distribution Systems, time-graded protection works… Read more

Mar 07, 2025 | By

What is Time Grading in Relay Protection
Power Substation

Technical Documentation for a Turnkey Substation

A Turnkey Substation is a substation that is designed, constructed, and commissioned by a Service Provider according to the specifications established by the Customer. A Service Provider is an entity (business) that provides services to other entities (companies). The Customer,…...

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Feb 17, 2025 | By

Technical Documentation for a Turnkey Substation


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